Hver er höfundur ‘náttúrunafnakenningar’?

Skrifað um May 18, 2016 · in Almennt · 85 Comments

Flestir telja, að Þórhallur Vilmundarson (1924-2013), prófessor og forstöðumaður Örnefnastofnunar, sé höfundur að svo kallaðri náttúrunafnakenningu.

Helgi Þorláksson, sagnfræðingur og prófessor, kemst meðal annars svo að orði á Vísindavefnum: „Örnefni voru líka gengisfelld sem heimildir um 1970, með svonefndri náttúrunafnakenningu. Höfundur hennar er Þórhallur Vilmundarson sem flutti röð rómaðra fyrirlestra árið 1966 og á næstu árum um kenninguna. Hún snýst um að mannanöfn séu lesin út úr örnefnum en ekki öfugt; örnefnin séu ekki endilega tengd mannanöfnum eins og Landnáma og aðrar heimildir gefa í skyn.” (sjá: http://www.visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=7366)

Fróðlegt væri að grafast nánar fyrir um þetta. Eg vil leyfa mér að benda á tvennt í þessu sambandi.

Í fyrsta lagi skrifaði maður að nafni Hákon J. Helgason gagnmerka grein um örnefnið Goðafoss í Lesbók Morgunblaðsins (10. árgang, 16. tbl. apríl 1935, bls. 125) og benti á, að sennilegasta skýringin á nafninu sé, að það sé dregið af tveimur einkennilegum klettum á bergbrúninni, austan megin árinnar, andspænis fossinum. Klettarnir hafi minnt á goð á stalli, og fyrir framan þessi goð var iðandi fossinn eins og hinn vígði eldur, er aldrei slokknaði. – Hér er, kannski í fyrsta skipti, varpað fram þeirri kenningu, að örnefni, sem talið hefur verið dregið af sögulegum atburði, sé í raun dregið upphaflega af landslagi (náttúrunafnakenning). Um þetta má lesa nánar á http://ahb.is/godin-vid-godafoss

Í öðru lagi hefur fræðimönnum sést yfir klausu í leiðarlýsingu Reykjavík – Akureyri í bæklingnum Við þjóðveginn eftir Björn Þorsteinsson (1918-1986), sagnfræðing og prófessor, sem Ferðaskrifstofa ríkisins gaf út 1962.

Þar segir á bls. 28: „Hér eru örnefnin Geirshólmur, Geirstangi; Harðarhæð, hábunga Þyrilsness; Helguhóll, Helguskora, Indriðastígur, Önundarhóll og mörg önnur í nágrenninu og kröfðust sögu, og sagan varð til spunnin úr þráðum fornrar nafngiftar, farandsagna, hugmyndaflugs og virkilegra atburða. Hólmurinn dregur nafn af lögun sinni og söguhetjan af hólminum.”

Góður og gegn maður vildi halda því fram, að hér hafi náttúrunafnakenningin fyrst sést á prenti. En þessi saklausi greinarstúfur mun víst hafa valdið úlfúð á milli manna, en út í þá sálma vil eg ekki fara.

ÁHB / 18. maí 2016

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